34815Y142 Ouderdom Komt Gelukkig Wel Met Gebreken
Q&@
OVERGEWICHT OUDE
OGEN SPIEREN BOTTEN
GEWRICHTEN HUMEUR VERMOEIDHEID RELATIVEREN
ZEUREN MEUREN LEESBRIL DIKKE BUIK GRIJS HAAR PIJN
ZELFKENNIS KRAKKEMIKKIGHEDEN HERINNERINGEN NACHTMERRIES SLAPELOOSHEID ETCETERARA.....
VANDAAR DAT MYDI HELPT IN ALLE GEVALLEN NÈT NU HET NODIG IS EN NÒG NET KÀN:
de LAATSTE loodjes wegen het zwaarst..........
Initial tests on monkeys and mice indicate that at least monkey & mice brains indeed display the signatures of consciousness.
However, given the differences between animal brains & human brains, & given that we are still far from deciphering all the secrets of consciousness, developing decisive tests that will satisfy the sceptics might take decades. Who should carry the burden of proof in the meantime?
Do we consider dogs to be mindless machines until proven otherwise, or do we treat dogs as conscious beings as long as nobody comes up with some convincing counter-evidence?
On 7 July 2012 leading experts in neurobiology and the cognitive sciences gathered at the University of Cambridge, and signed the Cambridge Declaration on Consciousness, which says that 'Convergent evidence indicates that non-human animals have the neuroanatomical, neurochemical & neurophysiological substrates of conscious states along with the capacity to exhibit intentional behaviours. Consequently, the weight of evidence indicates that humans are not unique in possessing the neurological substrates that generate consciousness. Non-human animals, including all mammals and birds, and many other creatures, including octopuses, also possess these neurological substrates.' This declaration stops short of saying that other animals are conscious, because we still lack the smoking gun. But it does shift the burden of proof to those who think otherwise. Responding to the shifting winds of the scientific community, in May 2015 New Zealand became the first country in the world to recognize animals as sentient beings, when the New Zealand parliament passed the Animal Welfare Amendment Act. The Act stipulates that it is now obligatory to recognize
animals as sentient, & hence attend properly to their welfare in contexts such as animal husbandry.
In a country with far more sheep than humans (30 million vs 4.5 million), that is a
very significant statement. The Canadian province
Quebec has since passed a
similar Act, and other
countries are likely
to follow
suit.
OVERGEWICHT OUDE
OGEN SPIEREN BOTTEN
GEWRICHTEN HUMEUR VERMOEIDHEID RELATIVEREN
ZEUREN MEUREN LEESBRIL DIKKE BUIK GRIJS HAAR PIJN
ZELFKENNIS KRAKKEMIKKIGHEDEN HERINNERINGEN NACHTMERRIES SLAPELOOSHEID ETCETERARA.....
VANDAAR DAT MYDI HELPT IN ALLE GEVALLEN NÈT NU HET NODIG IS EN NÒG NET KÀN:
de LAATSTE loodjes wegen het zwaarst..........
Initial tests on monkeys and mice indicate that at least monkey & mice brains indeed display the signatures of consciousness.
However, given the differences between animal brains & human brains, & given that we are still far from deciphering all the secrets of consciousness, developing decisive tests that will satisfy the sceptics might take decades. Who should carry the burden of proof in the meantime?
Do we consider dogs to be mindless machines until proven otherwise, or do we treat dogs as conscious beings as long as nobody comes up with some convincing counter-evidence?
On 7 July 2012 leading experts in neurobiology and the cognitive sciences gathered at the University of Cambridge, and signed the Cambridge Declaration on Consciousness, which says that 'Convergent evidence indicates that non-human animals have the neuroanatomical, neurochemical & neurophysiological substrates of conscious states along with the capacity to exhibit intentional behaviours. Consequently, the weight of evidence indicates that humans are not unique in possessing the neurological substrates that generate consciousness. Non-human animals, including all mammals and birds, and many other creatures, including octopuses, also possess these neurological substrates.' This declaration stops short of saying that other animals are conscious, because we still lack the smoking gun. But it does shift the burden of proof to those who think otherwise. Responding to the shifting winds of the scientific community, in May 2015 New Zealand became the first country in the world to recognize animals as sentient beings, when the New Zealand parliament passed the Animal Welfare Amendment Act. The Act stipulates that it is now obligatory to recognize
animals as sentient, & hence attend properly to their welfare in contexts such as animal husbandry.
In a country with far more sheep than humans (30 million vs 4.5 million), that is a
very significant statement. The Canadian province
Quebec has since passed a
similar Act, and other
countries are likely
to follow
suit.
11 jun 2019 - bewerkt op 14 jun 2019
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