34936Y196 When in due course the Europeans ......
Q&@
PENETRATED
THE AFRICAN INTERIOR
WITH THEIR AGREED-UPON MAP,
THEY DISCOVERED THAT MANY OF THE BORDERS DRAWN IN BERLIN
DID LITTLE JUSTICE TO THE GEOGRAPHIC, ECONOMIC AND ETHNIC REALITY OF AFRICA!
However, to avoid renewed clashes the invaders stuck to their agreements, and these imaginary lines
became the actual borders of European colonies. During the second half of the 20th century, as the European empires
disintegrated and their colonies gained independence, the new countries accepted the colonial borders, fearing that the alternative would be endless wars & conflicts? Many of the difficulties faced by present-day African countries stem from the fact that their borders make little sense. When the written fantasies of European bureaucracies encountered the African realities, reality was forced to surrender! Our modern education systems provide numerous other examples of reality KOWTOWING to written records.
When measuring the width of my desk, the yard-stick I am using matters little!!!! The width of my desk remains the same
whether I say it is 200 centimetres or 78.74 inches. However when bureaucracies measure people, the yardsticks they choose
make all the difference. When schools began assessing people according to precise numerical marks, the lives of millions
of students & teachers changed dramatically. Marks are a relatively new invention. Hunter-gatherers were never marked for their achievements, and even thousands of years after the Agrocultural Revolution few education establishments used precise marks.
At the end of the year a medieval apprentice cobbler did not receive a piece of paper saying he had got an A in shoelaces
but a C minus in buckles. An undergraduate in Shakespeare's day left Oxford with one of only two possible results -
with a degree, or without one. Nobody thought of giving one student a final mark of 74 & another student an 88.
It is the mass educations systems of the industrial age that began
using precise marks on a regular basis!
After both factories & government ministries
became accustomed to thinking in the
language of numbers,
schools followed
suit?!!
Asih, man, 79 jaar
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